Abstract

Fischer esterification is one of the most prominent industrial methods of ester production, involving a reaction between an alcohol and carboxylic acid in the presence of a catalyst to turn the carboxylic acid into an ester. However, Fischer esterification results in large amounts of waste due to th... Read More

Red 40 dye has been banned in European countries due to rising health concerns. There is evidence that Red 40, also called Allura red AC, can cause hyperactivity in humans along with negatively affecting the colon and causing Early Onset Colorectal cancer in mice. This study aimed to investigate if ... Read More

Every forty seconds, suicide steals a life, yet no biomarkers exist for suicide. Suicide has largely been investigated from a psychological lens, and therefore the pathogenesis remains unclear. This study investigated blood-brain barrier (BBB) claudin-5 breakdown, the most enriched BBB tight junctio... Read More

Bistable structures, structures with two distinct equilibrium states achieved via buckling-like deformations, are seen throughout engineering applications in shape-morphing and energyharvesting systems. Typically actuated by mechanically induced snap-through buckling, sinusoidal arches, a unique geo... Read More

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a debilitative illness that severely impacts quality and duration of life, with neurologists and psychologists seeking remedies to this disease. Currently, past studies have found that metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) and melatonin have been impli... Read More

Gel polymer electrolytes (GPE) have attracted the attention of researchers over the last decade. Combining the merits of solid- and liquid-state electrolytes, GPEs reduce the risk of leakage and flammability, while offering higher ion mobility and conductivity than solid electrolytes. In particular,... Read More

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have made a significant impact on our lives today. Most food products we consume have been genetically modified to enhance certain characteristics. This may include genes inserted to produce proteins that repel insects or enhance nutrient production in the food.... Read More

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have made a significant impact on our lives today. Most food products we consume have been genetically modified to enhance certain characteristics. This may include genes inserted to produce proteins that repel insects or enhance nutrient production in the food.... Read More

Exploration on Mars has caught the attention of many experts, scientists, and nations across the globe. However, there are a multitude of challenges that must be addressed before sending humans to Mars. This includes huge costs within the mission and even problematic issues revolving around human he... Read More

Major space organizations together with private companies now focus on sending humans to Mars which used to exist only in science fiction stories. The Soviet Union achieved a historic milestone in 1971 when Mars 3 successfully landed on the planet which enabled current space exploration progress. NA... Read More

This experiment investigated caffeine’s effect on asparagus root development and the absorption of minerals. Previous studies have tested different concentrations of caffeine in a nutrient medium; thus, obtaining data on caffeine’s effect under optimal nutrient conditions becomes necessa... Read More

Nationwide, nearly 37.9 million U.S. households fall into the Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed (ALICE) population which consists of households making incomes above the Federal Poverty Line (FPL) but below the financially-secure ALICE Household Survival Budget, rendering them ineligible fo... Read More

The research uses Density Functional Theory to study the molecular and electronic behavior of new supramolecular dyads that link a flavonoid to C60 fullerene and allicin therapeutic agents. The research evaluates their dual functionality for photodynamic therapy and antioxidant pharmacology through ... Read More

Noonan syndrome affects 1 in 1,000 to 2500 births yearly and results in short stature and congenital heart defects. Mutations in the developmental Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase Ras/MAPK) pathway generate Noonan syndrome. Many studies have found case reports in which leucine zipper–l... Read More

As the world pushes towards net zero emissions, demand for metals and minerals has increased, prompting discussions regarding deep-sea mining to meet this need. Although there is a good understanding of the effect of copper and other metals found in sediment plumes produced by deep-sea mining on aqu... Read More

Approximately 95,000 cases of E. coli related food poisoning are reported in the U.S. each year. The purpose of this study is to improve the effectiveness of the antibiotic Neosporin against bacteria by supplementing it with the polyphenol resveratrol. There is a great deal of information about the ... Read More

This study investigates the socioeconomic determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy through a comprehensive analysis of U.S. county-level data (n = 3244) and international comparisons across 89 countries. Initial variable selection from 45 potential predictors utilized dimension reduction and a ran... Read More

Our study examines the social impact of art therapy on neurodivergent subjects. For individuals who have intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), such as autism or Down syndrome, art therapy provides striking advantages correlated to traditional therapeutic models. Art therapy carries vast... Read More

In patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), there is an overgrowth of leukemic B-lymphocytes. This proliferation of B-cells requires inputs from the external microenvironment, which provides soluble molecules as well as physical interaction necessary for survival and proliferation. Studies ... Read More

To feed the growing global population, estimates suggest we will have to increase food production by as much as 68 percent by 2050 (Marr, 2022). To aid this issue, we developed a cost effective solar powered seawater based hydroponic system that uses a 15% seawater medium. To ensure little water is ... Read More